• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In a paddle wheel for a hydropower machine with a hub carrying a plurality of blades, the blades (18) having two with respect to the axis of rotation of the paddle wheel (1) normally extending center plane symmetrical legs (24) or halves having an angle not equal to 180 ° include each other, the legs (24) or halves at their lateral free ends each have a bent end portion (32) which can cooperate with a normal axis of rotation arranged standing boundary wall (33) to form a lubricating wedge.
    公开号:AT510530A1
    申请号:T1080/2010
    申请日:2010-06-25
    公开日:2012-04-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:See Engineering Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    * * · »· ** * 4» * * * 114 «* * * t φ *« I * · · t «« »> * · 1, I # f - 1 -
    The invention relates to a paddle wheel for a water engine with a hub carrying a plurality of blades, wherein the blades have two with respect to the axis of rotation of the paddle wheel normal extending center plane symmetrical legs or halves, which enclose an angle of not equal to 180 ° with each other. The invention further relates to a water jet engine with such a paddle wheel, which can be installed in a flowing water, in particular flumes such that the paddle wheel with its hub forms a baffle element, so that a sewer level is generated on the upper water side, with the rotation of a shaft connected to the hub if necessary ., With the interposition of a transmission, an electric generator is coupled.
    Such a paddle wheel and such a water engine have become known from the documents AT 404 973 B and AT 5015 ^ 75 Al. The axis of rotation of this impeller is transverse to the flow direction and has a hub which acts as a stowage element and replaces the otherwise required weir.
    The impeller is driven at least in part by the hydrostatic pressure, which distinguishes such a hydraulic machine from super and medium water wheels, which are driven by the weight forces of the water, and from Kaplan or Francis turbines, which are driven by reaction forces.
    Hydropower machines of the type mentioned above allow the use of locations with low drop heights (0.5 - 2m) and flow rates of up to about 4 m3 / s. This enables the use of hydropower at previously unused locations. The formed between the individual blades of the paddle wheel
    - 2 - th chambers allow the passage of larger fish. In addition, the machine is also consistent for sediment and sediment, so that the ecological balance is not impaired.
    Hydropower machines of the type mentioned are usually operated at relatively low speeds of the impeller in the range of 5-20 U / min, the forces to be absorbed due to the back pressure and to be transmitted forces are relatively large. Such hydro-electric machines are suitable for maintaining a desired level of stowage and thus a desired inflow water level. For the efficiency of such a hydropower machine, various factors are crucial, among other things, the losses must be minimized. Losses occur, for example, at the bearing points of the rotating components, when immersing and when dipping the blades in or out of the water and due to leakage rates laterally and below the paddle wheel.
    The present invention aims to optimize the efficiency of a water engine of the type mentioned. In particular, the invention aims at minimizing the amount of unused water flowing off the side of the impeller in order to avoid leakage as far as possible.
    To achieve this object, the invention provides for a paddle wheel of the type mentioned above, that the legs or halves each have at their lateral free ends a bent end portion which is arranged with a normal to the rotation axis standing boundary
    3 wall to form a lubricating wedge can interact. The bent end portions form as it were wings, with a suitable selection of the angle between these wings and the respective boundary wall due to the relative movement forms a lubricating wedge, which ensures a seal between the impeller and the lateral boundary walls without the need for further components. The hydrodynamic wedge ideally prevents metallic contact between the boundary walls and the wings. In other words, this means that the individual blades are laterally supported by a hydrodynamic lubrication key. Preferably, the design is made such that the bent end portion in the unloaded state of the blades includes an angle of attack of 3-15 °, in particular 5-10 ° with the respective boundary wall.
    To take account of the fact that the blades are deformed more with increasing distance from the hub due to the forces exerted by the water, is provided according to a preferred development that the bending edge is inclined to the peripheral surface of the hub, so that the distance between the end edges the two legs or halves in the unloaded state of the blade on the hub surface is greater than at the outer edge of the blade. This distance difference is designed so that in the loaded state of the blade results in a deformation, due to which the wings come to lie substantially parallel to the respective boundary wall, so that a lubricating wedge can be formed with over the entire height of the blade of constant thickness. This minimizes lateral leakage of the blades. * * * * * ·· ·· »• · I · * ι *« * Μ · • t | | 1 | | (f ι φ • * I * * * * * * (f - 4 -......
    Due to the high forces exerted by the water on the bent end portions, can not be avoided in each case that the bent end portion contacts the boundary wall or at this. Especially with a metallic contact between the bent end portion and the boundary wall, a relatively high friction loss and a material wear can be observed. In order to minimize the friction losses and signs of wear, it is provided according to a preferred development that the bent-over end section has a wear-resistant and / or friction-reducing strip, coating or surface treatment on its outwardly facing side. For example, the bent end portion may carry a PTFE coating on its outwardly facing side. Alternatively, the bent-over end section can also carry on its outwardly facing side a plastic strip or coating, in particular of a high-performance plastic. In principle, any material is suitable which has wear-resistant properties and / or reduces the friction between the bent end section and the boundary wall. In the case of a wear and / or friction-reducing bar this is preferably arranged removably, so that an exchange in the case of wear of the last material is facilitated.
    In order to additionally or alternatively minimize or even completely avoid losses in the gap radially outside the impeller, another aspect of the invention provides that the vanes have at their outer free end in each case a bent or flexible end section which is substantially one with the circumferential surface of the hub Concentric curved cropping sheet for gap sealing Collaboration * V ··············································· t can. The flexible end portion is advantageously formed by a flexible sealing lip.
    The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments shown schematically in the drawing. In this show
    Fig.l is a perspective view of a water engine, 10th
    2 is a sectional view along the line II-II of Fig.l,
    3 is a perspective view of a first Ausbil-15 fertilg a paddle wheel,
    4 is a plan view of the impeller of Figure 3,
    5 shows a perspective view of a modified embodiment of a paddle wheel,
    6 shows a perspective view of a further modified embodiment of a paddle wheel, FIG. 25 shows a perspective view of a blade of the paddle wheel according to the invention,
    8 is a side view of the blade according to the arrow VIII of Figure 7 and
    9 is a plan view of the blade according to the arrow IX of Figure 8. 30 - 6 -
    In Fig.l a water power engine with a paddle wheel 1 is shown, which is rotatably mounted in a box-shaped construction 2. The box-shaped structure 2 has a frame 3, which serves as a platform for the determination of other components, such as an electric generator 4 and a frequency converter, not shown. On the shaft of the paddle wheel 1, a gear is mounted, which drives a toothed belt 5 of a belt drive, which in turn offset with a corresponding translation, the shaft of the electric generator 4 in rotational movement. For lateral sealing of the paddle wheel 1, a respective standing plate 6 is provided on both sides of the paddle wheel 1, which is attached to the uprights of the box-shaped construction 2
    The impeller is fixed by means of the box-shaped construction 2 in a channel, the side walls are denoted by 7. The water engine is supported by means of the frame 3 and guide rods 8 on top of the side walls 7. The frame 3 can be displaced in the height direction along the guide rods 8 with the aid of hydraulic cylinder piston units or mechanical spindles, not shown in detail, so that the machine can be moved from the operating position shown in FIG. Maintenance position can be raised.
    Furthermore, in Fig.l a bottom plate 9 can be seen, which extends between the two side walls 7 and prevents passage of the water under the impeller 1 therethrough. In the position of the blade wheel 1 shown in FIG. 1, the cropping plate 10 and the two stringers 11 arranged laterally of the blade wheel 1 overlap the bottom plate 9, the stringers 11 being guided in lateral guides 12 *. In the extent of overlap, the machine, including the cropping tray 10 and the strike weirs 11 can be raised starting from the position shown in Fig.l in order to achieve an adaptation to the underwater level, the overlap ensures that no larger amounts of water flow under the paddle wheel 1 ,
    The mode of operation of the hydropower machine results from the illustration in FIG. It can be seen that the hub 13 of the paddle wheel serves as a stowage element and generates a stagnation level 14. The level of the underwater is marked with 15. The water flows from the upper water over the formed between the hub 13 and the constant radius portion 16 of the bolster sheet 10 formed channel 17 in the direction of underwater, thereby driving the blades 18 of the paddle wheel 1 at. The outer edges 19 of the blades 8 are formed curved in accordance with a peripheral surface of the hub 13 concentric envelope surface.
    3 shows a paddle wheel 1, which has a hub 13 and a plurality of regularly arranged on the hub periphery blades 18. The blades 18 have a modified V-shape, as can be seen in particular in Figure 4. In the embodiment according to FIGS. 3 and 4, eight blades 18 are provided. However, the number of blades 18 can also be chosen differently, this also depending in particular on the diameter of the hub 2. Preferably, a number of blades of 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or 12. The outer edges 19 of the blades 18 are formed with a constant radius, so that they have a uniform distance to a cropping sheet over its entire width. The hub 13 has a width which corresponds to 0.5 to 1.5 times, preferably substantially to 1.0 times the hub diameter. The hub 13 is • * f * * · · · · * «* * · · · * * * * * * * * * * * *« «. »Ί» «« «*» * * - * 8 - * ....... non-rotatably connected to a shaft 20 which is formed with a keyway 21 or another positive or non-positive connection, so that a gear for a toothed belt drive rotatably on the shaft 20 can be set. The front side, the hub 13 with perforations 22 provided end plates 23. The open design of the hub leads to a lighter construction. However, the open design of the hub also leads to flow losses, so-that depending on the application, a closed design of the hub can be beneficial.
    In Figure 4 it can be seen that the two legs 24 of the V-shape in a vertex 25 adjacent first portion 26 include a first angle α with each other and in a second portion 27 a different from the first angle, the second angle ß together include the first portion 26 is connected to the second portion 27 via a curved portion 28.
    In a modified embodiment, which is shown by dashed lines as an example for one of the eight blades 18 in Figure 3, the edge 29 of the blades 18 is not orthogonal to the peripheral surface of the hub 13, but inclined to the normal in the direction of rotation 30. The inclined edge is designated 29 '.
    FIG. 5 shows a modification of the embodiment according to FIG. 4, in which the two legs 24 of the V-shape are arranged offset from one another in the circumferential direction of the hub 13, so that in each case one right and one left leg 24 follow each other at regular intervals. Between the mutually offset legs 24 of the blades 18 is in the normal to the axis of rotation of the paddle wheel 1 • * * * · * · · »« · • ► · ** »« «« «» «♦ · * ♦ '# , t i • I · ** ·· ·· ·· ** - * 9 -...
    Middle plane arranged over the entire circumference of the hub 13 extending partition plate 31 whose height corresponds to the height of the blades 18.
    In the modified embodiment according to FIG. 6, the blades 18 essentially have an open-topped heart shape.
    FIGS. 7-9 show an embodiment of the blade 18 according to the invention, wherein the hub 13 is indicated only schematically. The legs 24 of the blade 18 have at their free ends in each case a bent end portion 32 which cooperates with the respective boundary wall 33 (Figure 9) to form a lubricating wedge. The bending edge 34 extends inclined to the circumferential surface 35 of the hub 13, so that the distance a between the end edges 36 of the two legs 24 in the unloaded state of the blade 18 on the peripheral surface 35 of the hub 13 is greater than the distance b at the outer edge 19 of the blade 18. Due to the schematically indicated by 37 load through the water pressure, a deformation during operation results in such a way that the bent end portions 32 also arrive at the outer edge 19 in an approximately parallel to the boundary walls position. In the unloaded state of the blades 18, the bent end portions 32 include an angle γ with the respective boundary wall 33 a.
    In FIGS. 7 and 8, it is shown by hatching that the bent end portions 32 may have on their respective outer side a wear and / or friction reducing strip, coating or surface treatment. ι φ 0 ·
    The bent end section does not basically have to be configured as shown in FIGS. 7-9. For example, it can be shown with reference to the embodiment according to FIG. 6 that each end section which runs parallel or approximately parallel to the boundary wall is suitable for ensuring the required sealing. The bent end portion is designated 38 in FIG.
    Furthermore, again indicated by dashed lines in FIGS. 7-9, that the blade 18 at its outer free end, i. in the region of the outer edge 19, a bent or flexible end portion, for example, a mounted on the outer edge 19 flexible sealing lip 39 aufwei-sen can. This sealing lip 39 acts in the area of the bolster plate 10 such that the gap between the bent region 16 of the bolster plate 10 and the outer edge 19 of the blade 18 (FIG. 2) is sealed.
    Finally, it should be noted that the following preferred embodiments are conceivable for all described blade shapes. The angle between the legs of the V-shape can be between 45 ° and 110 °, in particular between 60 ° and 100 ° and in particular 60 °, 80 ° or 100 °. The blades may have a height that is 0.4 to 2 times, preferably 0.5 to 1.2 times, the hub diameter.
    权利要求:
    Claims (13)
    [1]


    1. A paddle wheel for a hydraulic machine with a hub carrying a plurality of blades, said blades (18) having two with respect to the axis of rotation of the paddle wheel (1) normally extending center plane symmetrical legs (24) or halves having an angle not equal to 180 Enclose each other, characterized in that the legs (24) or halves each have at their lateral free ends a bent end portion (32) which can cooperate with a normal to the rotation axis standing-the boundary wall (33) to form a lubricating wedge ,
    [2]
    2. Paddle wheel according to claim 1, characterized in that the bending edge (34) to the peripheral surface (35) of the hub (13) is inclined, so that the distance (a, b) between the end edges (36) of the two legs (24) or Halves in the unloaded state of the blade (18) on the hub surface is greater than on the outer edge (19) of the blade (18).
    [3]
    3. Paddle wheel according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bent end portion (32) in the unloaded state of the blades (18) has an angle of attack (γ) of 3-15 °, in particular 5-10 ° with the respective boundary wall (33). includes.
    [4]
    4. Paddle wheel according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the bent end portion (32) has on its outwardly facing side a wear and / or friction-reducing bar, coating or surface treatment. - 12 -
    [5]
    5. paddle wheel according to claim 4, characterized in that the bent end portion (32) carries on its outwardly facing side a PTFE coating.
    [6]
    6. Paddle wheel according to claim 4, characterized in that the bent end portion (32) carries on its outwardly facing side a plastic strip or coating, in particular of a high-performance plastic.
    [7]
    7. Paddle wheel according to claim 4, characterized in that the wear and / or friction-reducing bar is arranged detachably.
    [8]
    8. A paddle wheel for a hydraulic motor having a hub carrying a plurality of blades, the blades (18) having two with respect to the axis of rotation of the paddle wheel (1) normally extending center plane symmetrical legs (24) or halves having an angle not equal to 180 ° include each other, characterized in that the blades (18) at their outer free end in each case a bent or flexible end portion (39) which can cooperate with a Nabenumfangsfläche substantially concentric curved goiter plate for gap sealing.
    [9]
    9. paddle wheel according to claim 8, characterized in that the flexible end portion (39) is formed by a flexible sealing lip.
    [10]
    10. Hydro-electric machine with at least one rotatably mounted paddle wheel according to one of claims 1 to 9, which can be installed in a flowing water, in particular channels, in such a way that the paddle wheel with its hub can be installed forms a baffle element, so that a sewer level is generated on the upper water side, wherein with the rotation of a shaft connected to the hub optionally with the interposition of a transmission, an e-lectric generator is coupled.
    [11]
    11. Hydropower machine according to claim 10, characterized in that arranged on both sides of the impeller normal to the rotation axis standing boundary walls are provided, with which the bent end portion (32) cooperates to form a lubricating wedge.
    [12]
    12. Hydropower machine according to claim 11, characterized in that the bent end portion (32) in the unloaded state of the blades (18) includes an angle of attack (γ) of 3-15 °, in particular 5-10 ° with the respective boundary wall (33).
    [13]
    13. Hydropower machine according to claim 10, 11 or 12, characterized in that the paddle wheel is associated with a bolster plate with the hub peripheral surface concentric curved course, with which the bent or flexible end portion cooperates to seal the gap between the cropping and paddle wheel gap. Applicant for: Vienna, 25 June 2010 Haffner Patentariwalte 0

    Kescbfmann I
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    引用文献:
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    US1622365A|1926-08-16|1927-03-29|Brooks George Erasmus|Water-power wheel|
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